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HelpTest ID: ALDU Aldosterone, 24 Hour, Urine
Reporting Name
Aldosterone, UUseful For
Investigating primary aldosteronism (eg, adrenal adenoma/carcinoma and adrenal cortical hyperplasia) and secondary aldosteronism (renovascular disease, salt depletion, potassium loading, cardiac failure with ascites, pregnancy, Bartter syndrome) using 24-hour urine collections
Clinical Information
Aldosterone stimulates sodium transport across cell membranes, particularly in the distal renal tubule where sodium is exchanged for hydrogen and potassium. Secondarily, aldosterone is important in the maintenance of blood pressure and blood volume.
Aldosterone is the major mineralocorticoid and is produced by the adrenal cortex. The renin-angiotensin system is the primary regulator of the synthesis and secretion of aldosterone. Likewise, increased concentrations of potassium in the plasma may directly stimulate adrenal production of the hormone. Under physiologic conditions, pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone can stimulate aldosterone secretion.
Urinary aldosterone levels are inversely correlated with urinary sodium excretion. Normal individuals will show a suppression of urinary aldosterone with adequate sodium repletion.
Primary hyperaldosteronism, which may be caused by aldosterone-secreting adrenal adenoma/carcinomas or adrenal cortical hyperplasia, is characterized by hypertension accompanied by increased aldosterone levels, hypernatremia, and hypokalemia. Secondary hyperaldosteronism (eg, in response to renovascular disease, salt depletion, potassium loading, cardiac failure with ascites, pregnancy, Bartter's syndrome) is characterized by increased aldosterone levels and increased plasma rennin activity.
Interpretation
Urinary aldosterone excretion greater than 12 mcg/24 hours as part of an aldosterone suppression test is consistent with hyperaldosteronism.
For more information see Renin-Aldosterone Studies.
Special Instructions
Report Available
2 to 8 daysDay(s) Performed
Tuesday, Thursday
Clinical Reference
1. Young WF Jr: Primary aldosteronism: a common and curable form of hypertension. Cardiol Rev. 1999 Jul-Aug;7(4):207-214
2. Young WF Jr: Pheochromocytoma and primary aldosteronism: diagnostic approaches. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1997 Dec;26(4):801-827
3. Fredline VF, Taylor PJ, Dodds HM, Johnson AG: A reference method for the analysis of aldosterone in blood by high-performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Analytical Biochem. 1997 Oct 15;252(2):308-313
4. Carey RM, Padia SH: Primary mineralocorticoid excess disorders and hypertension. In: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, Giudice LC, et al, eds. Endocrinology: Adult and Pediatric. 7th ed. WB Saunders; 2016:1871-1891
Method Name
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)
Specimen Type
UrineOrdering Guidance
Advice on stimulation or suppression tests is available from Mayo Clinic's Division of Endocrinology; call 800-533-1710.
Necessary Information
24-Hour volume is required.
Specimen Required
Patient Preparation: Spironolactone (Aldactone) should be discontinued for 4 to 6 weeks before specimen collection. The plasma renin activity cannot be interpreted if the patient is being treated with spironolactone.
Supplies: Urine tubes, 10 mL (T068)
Container/Tube: Plastic, urine tube
Specimen Volume: 10 mL
Collection Instructions:
1. Collect urine for 24 hours.
2. Add 25 mL of 50% acetic acid as preservative at start of collection. Use 15 mL of 50% acetic acid for children under the age of 5 years. This preservative is intended to achieve a pH of between approximately 2 and 4.
Additional Information: See Urine Preservatives-Collection and Transportation for 24-Hour Urine Specimens for multiple collections.
Specimen Minimum Volume
1 mL
Specimen Stability Information
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
|---|---|---|---|
| Urine | Refrigerated (preferred) | 28 days | |
| Frozen | 28 days | ||
| Ambient | 14 days |
Reference Values
0-30 days: 0.7-11.0 mcg/24 h*
31 days-11 months: 0.7-22.0 mcg/24 h*
≥1 year: 2.0-20.0 mcg/24 h
*Loeuille GA, Racadot A, Vasseur P, Vandewalle B: Blood and urinary aldosterone levels in normal neonates, infants and children. Pediatrie. 1981 Jul-Aug;36(5):335-344
For International System of Units (SI) conversion for Reference Values, see www.mayocliniclabs.com/order-tests/si-unit-conversion.html
Test Classification
This test was developed, and its performance characteristics determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. This test has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.CPT Code Information
82088
LOINC Code Information
| Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| ALDU | Aldosterone, U | 1765-7 |
| Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| 8556 | Aldosterone, U | 1765-7 |
| TM47 | Collection Duration | 13362-9 |
| VL45 | Urine Volume | 3167-4 |
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